Boiler, turbine, and generators (BTGs) works in combination with thermal power plants to generate electricity. It requires fossil fuels such as coal, gas, or oil for power generation.
Asia-Pacific region accounts for the highest share of BTG market owing to China’s dominance on the global boiler turbine and generator demand followed by North America and Europe. However, the developed economies are anticipated to provide a challenging market owing to use of alternative energy sources and stringent government norms.
The global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) market was valued at xx million US$ in 2018 and will reach xx million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of xx% during 2019-2025.
This report focuses on Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) volume and value at global level, regional level and company level. From a global perspective, this report represents overall Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) market size by analyzing historical data and future prospect.
Regionally, this report categorizes the production, apparent consumption, export and import of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India.
For each manufacturer covered, this report analyzes their Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) manufacturing sites, capacity, production, ex-factory price, revenue and market share in global market.
The following manufacturers are covered:
Vestas
Enercon
Siemens
General Electric
Atlas Copco.
Caterpillar
Ingersoll Rand
Kirloskar
ABB
Bosch
Segment by Regions
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Southeast Asia
India
Segment by Type
Power Boilers
Gas Turbines
Steam Turbines
Turbo Generators
Heat Recovery Steam Generators
Segment by Application
Power Plants
Others
Asia-Pacific region accounts for the highest share of BTG market owing to China’s dominance on the global boiler turbine and generator demand followed by North America and Europe. However, the developed economies are anticipated to provide a challenging market owing to use of alternative energy sources and stringent government norms.
The global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) market was valued at xx million US$ in 2018 and will reach xx million US$ by the end of 2025, growing at a CAGR of xx% during 2019-2025.
This report focuses on Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) volume and value at global level, regional level and company level. From a global perspective, this report represents overall Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) market size by analyzing historical data and future prospect.
Regionally, this report categorizes the production, apparent consumption, export and import of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) in North America, Europe, China, Japan, Southeast Asia and India.
For each manufacturer covered, this report analyzes their Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) manufacturing sites, capacity, production, ex-factory price, revenue and market share in global market.
The following manufacturers are covered:
Vestas
Enercon
Siemens
General Electric
Atlas Copco.
Caterpillar
Ingersoll Rand
Kirloskar
ABB
Bosch
Segment by Regions
North America
Europe
China
Japan
Southeast Asia
India
Segment by Type
Power Boilers
Gas Turbines
Steam Turbines
Turbo Generators
Heat Recovery Steam Generators
Segment by Application
Power Plants
Others
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
1.1 Definition of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
1.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
1.2.2 Power Boilers
1.2.3 Gas Turbines
1.2.4 Steam Turbines
1.2.5 Turbo Generators
1.2.6 Heat Recovery Steam Generators
1.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
1.3.2 Power Plants
1.3.3 Others
1.4 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue (2014-2025)
1.4.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production (2014-2025)
1.4.3 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.4 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.5 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.6 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.8 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans
4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue Analysis
4.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree
5 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue by Regions
5.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.3.2 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.4 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.4.2 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.5 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.5.2 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.6 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.6.2 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.8 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.8.2 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
6 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production by Type
6.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue by Type
6.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Price by Type
7 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
8 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 Vestas
8.1.1 Vestas Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 Vestas Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 Vestas Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 Enercon
8.2.1 Enercon Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 Enercon Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 Enercon Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 Siemens
8.3.1 Siemens Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 Siemens Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 Siemens Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 General Electric
8.4.1 General Electric Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 General Electric Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 General Electric Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Atlas Copco.
8.5.1 Atlas Copco. Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Atlas Copco. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Atlas Copco. Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 Caterpillar
8.6.1 Caterpillar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 Caterpillar Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 Caterpillar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 Ingersoll Rand
8.7.1 Ingersoll Rand Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 Ingersoll Rand Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 Ingersoll Rand Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 Kirloskar
8.8.1 Kirloskar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 Kirloskar Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 Kirloskar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.9 ABB
8.9.1 ABB Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.9.2 ABB Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.9.3 ABB Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.9.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.10 Bosch
8.10.1 Bosch Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.10.2 Bosch Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.10.3 Bosch Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.10.4 Main Business and Markets Served
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market
9.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.2 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.3 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.4 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.6 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Trend (Application)
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Customers
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors
12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Author List
13.4 Disclaimer
Executive Summary
1 Industry Overview of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
1.1 Definition of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
1.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment by Type
1.2.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Growth Rate Comparison by Types (2014-2025)
1.2.2 Power Boilers
1.2.3 Gas Turbines
1.2.4 Steam Turbines
1.2.5 Turbo Generators
1.2.6 Heat Recovery Steam Generators
1.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment by Applications
1.3.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption Comparison by Applications (2014-2025)
1.3.2 Power Plants
1.3.3 Others
1.4 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Overall Market
1.4.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue (2014-2025)
1.4.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production (2014-2025)
1.4.3 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.4 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.5 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.6 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.7 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
1.4.8 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Status and Prospect (2014-2025)
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
3 Development and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date
3.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Manufacturing Plants Distribution
3.3 Major Manufacturers Technology Source and Market Position of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG)
3.4 Recent Development and Expansion Plans
4 Key Figures of Major Manufacturers
4.1 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production and Capacity Analysis
4.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue Analysis
4.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Price Analysis
4.4 Market Concentration Degree
5 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Regional Market Analysis
5.1 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production by Regions
5.1.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production by Regions
5.1.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue by Regions
5.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption by Regions
5.3 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.3.1 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.3.2 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.3.3 Key Manufacturers in North America
5.3.4 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.4 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.4.1 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.4.2 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.4.3 Key Manufacturers in Europe
5.4.4 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.5 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.5.1 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.5.2 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.5.3 Key Manufacturers in China
5.5.4 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.6 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.6.1 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.6.2 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.6.3 Key Manufacturers in Japan
5.6.4 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.7 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.7.1 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.7.2 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.7.3 Key Manufacturers in Southeast Asia
5.7.4 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
5.8 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Analysis
5.8.1 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production
5.8.2 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue
5.8.3 Key Manufacturers in India
5.8.4 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Import and Export
6 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production by Type
6.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Revenue by Type
6.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Price by Type
7 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption by Application
7.2 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Consumption Market Share by Application (2014-2019)
8 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Major Manufacturers Analysis
8.1 Vestas
8.1.1 Vestas Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.1.2 Vestas Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.1.3 Vestas Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.1.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.2 Enercon
8.2.1 Enercon Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.2.2 Enercon Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.2.3 Enercon Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.2.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.3 Siemens
8.3.1 Siemens Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.3.2 Siemens Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.3.3 Siemens Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.3.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.4 General Electric
8.4.1 General Electric Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.4.2 General Electric Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.4.3 General Electric Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.4.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.5 Atlas Copco.
8.5.1 Atlas Copco. Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.5.2 Atlas Copco. Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.5.3 Atlas Copco. Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.5.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.6 Caterpillar
8.6.1 Caterpillar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.6.2 Caterpillar Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.6.3 Caterpillar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.6.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.7 Ingersoll Rand
8.7.1 Ingersoll Rand Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.7.2 Ingersoll Rand Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.7.3 Ingersoll Rand Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.7.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.8 Kirloskar
8.8.1 Kirloskar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.8.2 Kirloskar Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.8.3 Kirloskar Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.8.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.9 ABB
8.9.1 ABB Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.9.2 ABB Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.9.3 ABB Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.9.4 Main Business and Markets Served
8.10 Bosch
8.10.1 Bosch Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production Sites and Area Served
8.10.2 Bosch Product Introduction, Application and Specification
8.10.3 Bosch Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Production, Revenue, Ex-factory Price and Gross Margin (2014-2019)
8.10.4 Main Business and Markets Served
9 Development Trend of Analysis of Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market
9.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 Global Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 North America Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.2 Europe Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.3 China Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.4 Japan Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.5 Southeast Asia Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.2.6 India Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Forecast 2019-2025
9.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Market Trend (Application)
10.1 Marketing Channel
10.1.1 Direct Marketing
10.1.2 Indirect Marketing
10.3 Boiler Turbine And Generator (BTG) Customers
11 Market Dynamics
11.1 Market Trends
11.2 Opportunities
11.3 Market Drivers
11.4 Challenges
11.5 Influence Factors
12 Conclusion
13 Appendix
13.1 Methodology/Research Approach
13.1.1 Research Programs/Design
13.1.2 Market Size Estimation
13.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
13.2 Data Source
13.2.1 Secondary Sources
13.2.2 Primary Sources
13.3 Author List
13.4 Disclaimer
