2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles market Report is a professional and in-depth research report on the world's major regional market conditions of the 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles industry, focusing on the main regions (North America, Europe and Asia) and the main countries (United States, Germany, Japan and China).
Leading Players of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
• Company 1
• Company 2
• Company 3
• Company 4
The report firstly introduced the 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles market basics: definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain overview; industry policies and plans; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures and so on. Then it analyzed the world's main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The report includes six parts, dealing with: 1.) basic information; 2.) Overview of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles market; 3.) Competitor Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles industry; 4.) Segmentation of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles industry; 5.) market entry and investment feasibility; and 6.) the report conclusion.
Leading Players of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
• Company 1
• Company 2
• Company 3
• Company 4
The report firstly introduced the 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles market basics: definitions, classifications, applications and industry chain overview; industry policies and plans; product specifications; manufacturing processes; cost structures and so on. Then it analyzed the world's main region market conditions, including the product price, profit, capacity, production, capacity utilization, supply, demand and industry growth rate etc. In the end, the report introduced new project SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis, and investment return analysis.
The report includes six parts, dealing with: 1.) basic information; 2.) Overview of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles market; 3.) Competitor Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles industry; 4.) Segmentation of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles industry; 5.) market entry and investment feasibility; and 6.) the report conclusion.
1 Industry Overview of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.1 Definition and Specifications of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.1.1 Definition of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.1.2 Specifications of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.2 Classification of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.2.1 Type I
1.2.2 Type II
1.2.3 Type III
1.3 Applications of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.4 Market Segment by Regions
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
4 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Overview
4.1 2013-2019 Overall Market Analysis
4.2 Capacity Analysis
4.2.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis
4.2.2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Capacity Analysis (Company Segment)
4.3 Sales Analysis
4.3.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales and Growth Rate Analysis
4.3.2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Analysis (Company Segment)
4.4 Sales Price Analysis
4.4.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price
4.4.2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment)
5 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Regional Market Analysis
5.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Analysis
5.1.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Overview
5.1.2 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.1.3 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price Analysis
5.1.4 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Share Analysis
6 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales by Type
6.2 Different Types of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Interview Price Analysis
6.3 Different Types of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Driving Factors Analysis
6.3.1 Type I 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
6.3.2 Type II 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
6.3.3 Type III 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Consumption by Application
7.2 Different Application of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Interview Price Analysis
7.3 Different Application of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Driving Factors Analysis
7.3.1 Application 1 of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.2 Application 2 of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.3 Application 3 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.4 Others of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
8.1 Company 1
8.1.1 Company Profile
8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.1.2.1 Type I
8.1.2.2 Type II
8.1.2.3 Type III
8.1.3 Company 1 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.1.4 Company 1 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.2 Company 2
8.2.1 Company Profile
8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.2.2.1 Type I
8.2.2.2 Type II
8.2.2.3 Type III
8.2.3 Company 2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.2.4 Company 2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.3 Company 3
8.3.1 Company Profile
8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.3.2.1 Type I
8.3.2.2 Type II
8.3.2.3 Type III
8.3.3 Company 3 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.3.4 Company 3 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.4 Company 4
8.4.1 Company Profile
8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.4.2.1 Type I
8.4.2.2 Type II
8.4.2.3 Type III
8.4.3 Company 4 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.4.4 Company 4 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.5 Company 5
8.5.1 Company Profile
8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.5.2.1 Type I
8.5.2.2 Type II
8.5.2.3 Type III
8.5.3 Company 5 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.5.4 Company 5 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.6 Company 6
8.6.1 Company Profile
8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.6.2.1 Type I
8.6.2.2 Type II
8.6.2.3 Type III
8.6.3 Company 6 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.6.4 Company 6 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.7 Company 7
8.7.1 Company Profile
8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.7.2.1 Type I
8.7.2.2 Type II
8.7.2.3 Type III
8.7.3 Company 7 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.7.4 Company 7 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.8 Company 8
8.8.1 Company Profile
8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.8.2.1 Type I
8.8.2.2 Type II
8.8.2.3 Type III
8.8.3 Company 8 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.8.4 Company 8 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.9 Company 9
8.9.1 Company Profile
8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.9.2.1 Type I
8.9.2.2 Type II
8.9.2.3 Type III
8.9.3 Company 9 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.9.4 Company 9 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.10 Company 10
8.10.1 Company Profile
8.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.10.2.1 Type I
8.10.2.2 Type II
8.10.2.3 Type III
8.10.3 Company 10 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.10.4 Company 10 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.11 Company 11
8.11.1 Company Profile
8.11.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.11.2.1 Type I
8.11.2.2 Type II
8.11.2.3 Type III
8.11.3 Company 11 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.11.4 Company 11 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.12 Company 12
8.12.1 Company Profile
8.12.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.12.2.1 Type I
8.12.2.2 Type II
8.12.2.3 Type III
8.12.3 Company 12 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.12.4 Company 12 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
9 Development Trend of Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
9.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 2019-2028 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast
9.1.2 2019-2028 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price Forecast
9.2 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 2019-2028 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Consumption Forecast
9.3 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Trend (Application)
10 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Type Analysis
10.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Regional Marketing Type Analysis
10.2 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market International Trade Type Analysis
10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market by Regions
10.4 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Supply Chain Analysis
11 Consumers Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
11.1 Consumer Analysis
11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis
11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis
11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis
12 Conclusion of the 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Professional Survey Report 2019
Author List
12.1 Table Part of Interviewees Record List
12.2 Disclosure Section
12.3 Research Methodology
12.4 Data Source
12.5 Disclaimer
1.1 Definition and Specifications of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.1.1 Definition of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.1.2 Specifications of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.2 Classification of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.2.1 Type I
1.2.2 Type II
1.2.3 Type III
1.3 Applications of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
1.4 Market Segment by Regions
2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
2.1 Raw Material and Suppliers
2.2 Manufacturing Cost Structure Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
2.3 Manufacturing Process Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
2.4 Industry Chain Structure of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
3 Technical Data and Manufacturing Plants Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
3.1 Capacity and Commercial Production Date of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
3.2 Manufacturing Plants Distribution of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
3.3 R&D Status and Technology Source of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
3.4 Raw Materials Sources Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Major Manufacturers in 2019
4 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Overview
4.1 2013-2019 Overall Market Analysis
4.2 Capacity Analysis
4.2.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Capacity and Growth Rate Analysis
4.2.2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Capacity Analysis (Company Segment)
4.3 Sales Analysis
4.3.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales and Growth Rate Analysis
4.3.2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Analysis (Company Segment)
4.4 Sales Price Analysis
4.4.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price
4.4.2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price Analysis (Company Segment)
5 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Regional Market Analysis
5.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Analysis
5.1.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Overview
5.1.2 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Local Supply, Import, Export, Local Consumption Analysis
5.1.3 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price Analysis
5.1.4 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Share Analysis
6 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Segment Market Analysis (by Type)
6.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales by Type
6.2 Different Types of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Interview Price Analysis
6.3 Different Types of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Driving Factors Analysis
6.3.1 Type I 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
6.3.2 Type II 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
6.3.3 Type III 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Segment Market Analysis (by Application)
7.1 2013-2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Consumption by Application
7.2 Different Application of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Interview Price Analysis
7.3 Different Application of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Product Driving Factors Analysis
7.3.1 Application 1 of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.2 Application 2 of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.3 Application 3 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
7.3.4 Others of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Growth Driving Factor Analysis
8 Major Manufacturers Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
8.1 Company 1
8.1.1 Company Profile
8.1.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.1.2.1 Type I
8.1.2.2 Type II
8.1.2.3 Type III
8.1.3 Company 1 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.1.4 Company 1 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.2 Company 2
8.2.1 Company Profile
8.2.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.2.2.1 Type I
8.2.2.2 Type II
8.2.2.3 Type III
8.2.3 Company 2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.2.4 Company 2 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.3 Company 3
8.3.1 Company Profile
8.3.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.3.2.1 Type I
8.3.2.2 Type II
8.3.2.3 Type III
8.3.3 Company 3 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.3.4 Company 3 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.4 Company 4
8.4.1 Company Profile
8.4.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.4.2.1 Type I
8.4.2.2 Type II
8.4.2.3 Type III
8.4.3 Company 4 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.4.4 Company 4 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.5 Company 5
8.5.1 Company Profile
8.5.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.5.2.1 Type I
8.5.2.2 Type II
8.5.2.3 Type III
8.5.3 Company 5 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.5.4 Company 5 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.6 Company 6
8.6.1 Company Profile
8.6.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.6.2.1 Type I
8.6.2.2 Type II
8.6.2.3 Type III
8.6.3 Company 6 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.6.4 Company 6 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.7 Company 7
8.7.1 Company Profile
8.7.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.7.2.1 Type I
8.7.2.2 Type II
8.7.2.3 Type III
8.7.3 Company 7 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.7.4 Company 7 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.8 Company 8
8.8.1 Company Profile
8.8.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.8.2.1 Type I
8.8.2.2 Type II
8.8.2.3 Type III
8.8.3 Company 8 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.8.4 Company 8 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.9 Company 9
8.9.1 Company Profile
8.9.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.9.2.1 Type I
8.9.2.2 Type II
8.9.2.3 Type III
8.9.3 Company 9 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.9.4 Company 9 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.10 Company 10
8.10.1 Company Profile
8.10.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.10.2.1 Type I
8.10.2.2 Type II
8.10.2.3 Type III
8.10.3 Company 10 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.10.4 Company 10 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.11 Company 11
8.11.1 Company Profile
8.11.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.11.2.1 Type I
8.11.2.2 Type II
8.11.2.3 Type III
8.11.3 Company 11 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.11.4 Company 11 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
8.12 Company 12
8.12.1 Company Profile
8.12.2 Product Picture and Specifications
8.12.2.1 Type I
8.12.2.2 Type II
8.12.2.3 Type III
8.12.3 Company 12 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales, Ex-factory Price, Revenue, Gross Margin Analysis
8.12.4 Company 12 2019 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Business Region Distribution Analysis
9 Development Trend of Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
9.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Trend Analysis
9.1.1 2019-2028 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Size (Volume and Value) Forecast
9.1.2 2019-2028 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Sales Price Forecast
9.2 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Regional Market Trend
9.2.1 2019-2028 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Consumption Forecast
9.3 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Trend (Product Type)
9.4 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Trend (Application)
10 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Type Analysis
10.1 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Regional Marketing Type Analysis
10.2 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market International Trade Type Analysis
10.3 Traders or Distributors with Contact Information of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market by Regions
10.4 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Supply Chain Analysis
11 Consumers Analysis of 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market
11.1 Consumer Analysis
11.2 Consumer 2 Analysis
11.3 Consumer 3 Analysis
11.4 Consumer 4 Analysis
12 Conclusion of the 2.0 Intelligent Electric Vehicles Market Professional Survey Report 2019
Author List
12.1 Table Part of Interviewees Record List
12.2 Disclosure Section
12.3 Research Methodology
12.4 Data Source
12.5 Disclaimer
